PAINTING WORK PROCEDURE – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, TYPES, DIFFERENT SURFACES 2023

 

 

• Dry distemper with primer and putty over the wall.
• Simple three coats of dry distemper.

 

The first method is expensive. The cost is almost double that of the second method. Primer and putty give a smooth finish to the surfaces and eliminate defects such as cracks, undulations in the wall, etc.

 

For bungalows or ‘A’ class schemes, dry distemper with primer and putty is preferred.

(A) DRY DISTEMPER WITH PRIMER AND PUTTY 

 PRIMER PREPARATION AND APPLICATION

1. Prepare the primer by adding 0.40 liter of turpentine to 0.80 liters of ready-made cement primer, to cover 10sq.m. (108s.ft.) of the wall surface.
2. After surface preparation, apply the primer with a brush on the total surface of the wall.
3. Allow the primer to dry for at least 24 hours.

 

1. The engineer should check and ensure that the contractor follows the correct procedure of painting.
2. Prepare the putty by mixing 3kg whiting powder with 0.25-liter cement primer, 0.25-liter synthetic enamel, O.15 liter linseed oil, and 1-liter water, to cover 10sq.m. (108s.ft.) wall surface.
3. Fill up all the undulations of minor nature, dents, and cracks, so that the surface becomes completely smooth to receive paint.
4. Where the dents are deeper the filling must be done with a filler paste of a thicker consistency and plaster of Paris.
5. After 24 hours, the surface should be rubbed with fine paper, to get a smooth finish and even surface over the wall.
6. Clean the wall surface with a dry cloth, to remove all dust and particles in the powder form. Prepare the wall for the first coat of distemper.

FIRST COAT OF DISTEMPER

1. Use 1kg of dry distemper to cover 10sq.m. (108s.ft.) area.
2. Add water 0.8 liters for 1kg of distemper.
3. Add 25gm glue in 1kg of dry distemper, to get more adhesion of paint to the wall surfaces.
4. Stir this mixture constantly with a bamboo stick while it is being used.
5. Use 10cm (4″) bristle hairbrush for applying the ‘distemper.
6. Brushstrokes should be first horizontal and then immediately in a vertical direction. Ensure that there are no brush marks left on the surface after the coat has dried.
7. The dried surface of the wall should not appear should it easily stain the
8. powdery nor hand when rubbed.
9. Clean the floor immediately.
10. Allow the first coat to dry for at least 24 hours and then start the second coat.

1. Use 0.5kg of dry distemper to cover 10sq.m. (108s.ft.) area.
2. Add adhesíve/glue, 25gm for 1kg of paint.
3. Stir this mixture constantly with a bamboo stick.
4. Apply dry distemper in the same manner as the first coat.
5. Apply successive coats of paint only after the prior coat has dried completely and never before 12 hours.

(B) FOR DRY DISTEMPER WITHOUT PRIMER AND PUTTY

1. Prepare the surface as explained earlier.
2. Apply the first coat of dry distemper directly on the prepared surface as per the procedure given earlier.
3. Do not use the primer and putty before the first coat.
4. After the first coat, fill all undulations, dents, cracks, etc. properly by applying putty, so that the surface is completely smooth.
5. For deeper dents, the filling must be done with a filler paste of a thicker consistency and plaster of Paris.
6. After drying (for 24 hours), the putty surface should be rubbed with fine polish paper for a smooth finish.
7. Apply the second coat as explained above.
8. After the second coat, check for any cracks or dents. If observed, they should be filled and proper rubbing should be done with a fine polish paper.
9. Apply the third coat as the final coat of paint.
10. After drying, ensure that there are no brush marks or color variations.
11. Clean the floor area.
12. Ensure that the junction of the ceiling whitewash and wall distemper is painted in a proper line and level.

1. Prepare the distemper paste after the surface is ready for distemper application.
2. Do not use distemper which is prepared 24 hours earlier.
3. Sieve the distemper slurry through fine cotton cloth, particles.
4. Ensure that the shade/brand of the distemper is similar for all coats.
5. Use brushes of the correct size/quality for different shades.
6. Do not apply the distemper on wet walls.
7. Check the quality of ingredients for the putty to remove any coarse
8. preparation.
9. Do not allow the painter to use a lesser quantity of distemper on the surface area than specified.
10. Keep a minimum 8 hours gap between two coats in summer and 18 hours gap in the monsoons.
11. Do not forget to add adhesive/glue to the distemper.

FOR M.S. DOORS, GATES, WINDOWS

PREPARATION OF SURFACE

1. Remove all cement mortar with a scraping Patti.
2. Use sandpaper and emery black stone to remove any unwanted welding burr.
3. The inner sides of the steel sections of the windows should be scraped properly. (Painters usually neglect this).
4. Check for the free movement of hinges, and working systems. If required, get them repaired before the primer/first coat.
5. Apply zinc chromite metal primer to the total surface of M.S. doors, windows, gates, etc. for the first coat of oil paint.

1. After checking the required preparations, apply the first coat of oil paint with a good-quality brush.
2. After 24 hours of drying, apply the second coat of oil paint.
3. Ensure that all the inner sides of the steel sections of the windows are painted.
4. Ensure that the painter uses 0.5 liters of oil paint per coat to cover 10sq.m. (108s.ft.) of the plain surface.
5. For quick drying of the paint, add a drier like Litharge or Massicot.

1. Check the door shutters for free movements/bend/termite attack etc.
2. Check the door frames for line/level/ plumb/quality etc.
3. Do not fix the door fittings unless the first coat of oil paint is applied to the door shutters.
4. Apply a wood primer to door frames and shutters.
5. The top of the door shutters should also be painted during every coat of oil paint.
6. After primer application, fill up any holes/depressions with primer putty. as mentioned earlier.
7. Apply this putty on the total surface of the door shutter evenly with a metal sheet, to fill up all the dents, depressions, etc.
8. The site engineer should approve the preparations before starting the first coat of oil paint.
9. Mix the stainer in oil paint and prepare a sample of the approved color. sample of shade from the C.E.
10. Check the approved quality/brand of oil paint and ensure that the sealed tins of the paint are opened in the presence of the engineer.
11. Apply the first coat of oil paint with a varnish brush.
12. Allow drying for a minimum of 24 hours.
13. Check the quantity of stainer added in the first coat. The same quantity should be continued in the second coat.
14. Use a small brush, in case of any narrow or underside of the door shutter/frame.
15. Ensure that the sides of the cover moulding are painted with a small brush. (Painters usually neglect this).
16. After completing the first coat, apply putty again on the portion where cracks/dents/depressions are observed.
17. After rubbing off the putty patches, apply the second coat of oil paint as the final coat.
18. Check the mixing for the perfect shade of both coats, to avoid any variations in shade.
19. Do not disturb the shutter until it has dried completely.
20. After drying, clean the door fittings with a paint remover solution or turpentine.
21. Use the paint remover carefully. Do not allow it to come in contact with the shutter paint.
22. Do not forget to paint the top of the shutter and the sides of the cover moulding.
23. Paints used for all the coats should be of the same make and quality.

(a) CEMENT PAINT